113th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 2277
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Mr. Corker (for himself, Mr. McConnell, Ms. Ayotte, Mr. Hoeven, Mr. Blunt, Mr. Rubio, Mr. McCain, Mr. Cornyn, Mr. Graham, Mr. Kirk, Mr. Barrasso, Mr. Risch, Mr. Coats, Mr. Roberts, Mr. Inhofe, Mr. Portman, Mr. Alexander, Mr. Thune, Mr. Isakson, Mr. Hatch, Mr. Flake, Mr. Johnson of Wisconsin, and Mr. Burr) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
To prevent further Russian aggression toward Ukraine and other sovereign states in Europe and Eurasia, and for other purposes.
This Act may be cited as the
Russian Aggression Prevention Act of 2014.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
TITLE I—Reinvigorating the NATO alliance
Sec. 101. Strengthening United States assistance and force posture in Europe and Eurasia.
Sec. 102. United States efforts to strengthen the NATO alliance.
Sec. 103. Expanded support for Poland and the Baltic states.
Sec. 104. Accelerating implementation of European and NATO missile defense efforts.
Sec. 105. Strengthened United States-German cooperation on global and European security issues.
TITLE II—Deterring further Russian aggression in Europe
Sec. 201. United States policy toward Russian aggression in Europe.
Sec. 202. Sanctions to address continuing aggression of the Russian Federation toward Ukraine.
Sec. 203. Additional sanctions in the event of increased aggression by the Russian Federation toward Ukraine or other countries.
Sec. 204. Limitation on Russian access to United States oil and gas technology.
Sec. 205. Diplomatic measures with respect to the Russian Federation.
Sec. 206. Support for Russian democracy and civil society organizations.
TITLE III—Hardening Ukraine and other European and Eurasian states against Russian aggression
Sec. 301. Military assistance for Ukraine.
Sec. 302. Sense of Congress on intelligence sharing with Ukraine.
Sec. 303. Major non-NATO ally status for Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova.
Sec. 304. Expanded security force training, assistance and defense cooperation with key non-NATO states.
Sec. 305. Expediting natural gas exports.
Sec. 306. European and Eurasian energy independence.
Sec. 307. Crimea annexation nonrecognition.
Sec. 308. Support for democracy and civil society organizations in countries of the former Soviet Union.
Sec. 309. Expanded broadcasting in countries of the former Soviet Union.
In this Act:
The term alien has the meaning given that term in section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)).
The term appropriate congressional committees means—
The terms correspondent account and payable-through account have the meanings given those terms in section 5318A of title 31, United States Code.
The term domestic financial institution means a financial institution that is a United States person.
The term financial institution means a financial institution specified in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), (K), (M), (N), (R), or (Y) of section 5312(a)(2) of title 31, United States Code.
The term NATO means the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
The term Russian financial institution means—
The term senior Russian official means—
The term senior executive means a member of the board, chief executive officer, chief operating officer, chief financial officer, secretary, treasurer, general counsel, or chief information officer, or the functional equivalent thereof, of an entity.
The term United States person means—
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, with concurrence by the Secretary of State, shall develop and submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategic framework for United States security assistance and cooperation in Europe and Eurasia.
The strategic framework required by paragraph (1) shall include—
The President, consistent with the President's responsibilities as Commander in Chief, including ensuring the readiness of the United States Armed Forces, shall immediately halt, for a 180-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, all current and planned redeployments of combat forces from Europe, other than redeployments of forces for which replacement forces are already in place or are planned to be in place, with the intent to maintain force numbers at current levels for the 180-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act.
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President, consistent with the President's responsibilities as Commander in Chief, including ensuring the readiness of the United States Armed Forces, shall identify, and develop a plan to correct, any deficiencies in the ability of the Armed Forces to rapidly and fully respond, in coordination with other NATO allies, to foreseeable contingencies in Europe and Eurasia, including the ability to execute current United States European Command contingency plans.
Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report detailing the specific deficiencies identified, the plan for correcting such deficiencies, including a cost estimate, and the status of corrective actions being undertaken pursuant to the plan required by subsection (c).
The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative on the Council of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (in this Act referred to as the
United States Permanent Representative to NATO), to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to—
It is the sense of Congress that the NATO Alliance represents the single most successful collective security agreement of the modern era and that a strong and revitalized NATO is critical to maintaining peace and security in Europe and Eurasia and ensuring that the Russian Federation plays an appropriate role in the region.
Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a plan, including a cost estimate, for substantially increasing United States and NATO support for the armed forces of the Republics of Poland, Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia, and other NATO member-states as determined by the President, including substantially increasing—
Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall begin implementation of the plan required under paragraph (1).
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report detailing the specific efforts being undertaken and planned to be undertaken by the United States Government to implement the plan required by subsection (a).
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2017 to carry out the activities described under subsection (a) .
Funds authorized to be appropriated pursuant to subsection (c) for the provision of defense articles, services, and training may be used to procure such assistance from the United States Government or other appropriate sources.
The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to NATO to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to seek consideration by NATO of the wisdom and efficacy of permanently basing NATO forces on a rotational basis in the Republics of Poland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and other NATO member-states as determined by the President.
Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a plan, including a cost estimate, for—
Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall begin implementation of the plan under paragraph (1).
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report detailing the specific efforts being undertaken and planned to be undertaken by the United States to implement the plan required by subsection (a).
It is the policy of the United States Government to work closely with the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany on issues related to global and European security, particularly in light of ongoing events in Europe and Eurasia.
The President shall establish a United States-German Global and European Security Working Group to focus on areas of mutual concern, including addressing the ongoing situation in Ukraine and to increase the political, economic, and military cooperation between the two states, including additional intelligence sharing between the two states.
The working group required to be established under subsection (b) shall meet not less than annually at the Secretary level or above, semi-annually at the Deputy Secretary level or above, and quarterly at the Assistant Secretary level or above.
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2017 to carry out the activities described under subsections (b) and (c).
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the meetings of the working group required to be established under subsection (b), including a description of the specific issues discussed and decisions made by the working group, and its efforts to improve, expand, and deepen the relationship between the United States Government and the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany.
It is the policy of the United States—
[i]n accordance with Article 10 of the Washington Treaty, NATO’s door will remain open to all European democracies which share the values of our Alliance, which are willing and able to assume the responsibilities and obligations of membership, which are in a position to further the principles of the Treaty, and whose inclusion can contribute to security in the North Atlantic area,particularly those cases where the aspirant is able to meet appropriate defense spending commitments and prepared to contribute to ongoing and future contingency operations; and
If the armed forces of the Russian Federation have not withdrawn from Crimea (other than military forces present on military bases subject to agreements in force between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of Ukraine) by not later than the date that is 7 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to—
If the Government of the Russian Federation has not withdrawn substantially all of the armed forces of the Russian Federation from the immediate vicinity of the eastern border of Ukraine by not later than the date that is 7 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, or agents of the Russian Federation do not cease taking active measures to destabilize the control of the Government of Ukraine over eastern Ukraine on or after that date (including through active support of efforts to unlawfully occupy facilities of the Government of Ukraine), the President shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to—
The sanctions described in this subsection are the following:
The exercise of all powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq. ) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of a person determined by the President to be subject to subsection (a) if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or come within the possession or control of a United States person.
In the case of an alien determined by the President to be subject to subsection (a), denial of a visa to, and exclusion from the United States of, the alien, and revocation in accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1201(i) ), of any visa or other documentation of the alien.
A person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of paragraph (1)(A) or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out paragraph (1)(A) shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1705 ) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section.
The requirement to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property under paragraph (1)(A) shall not include the authority to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.
In this paragraph, the term good has the meaning given that term in section 16 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2415) (as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq. )).
Sanctions under paragraph (1)(B) shall not apply to an alien if admitting the alien into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations.
The President may waive the application of sanctions under this section with respect to a person or a transaction if the President—
Not later than 7 days after the imposition of sanctions pursuant to subsection (a), the President shall publish a list of the persons with respect to which sanctions were imposed pursuant to that subsection.
The President shall issue such regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this section.
If the armed forces of the Russian Federation expand further into, or the Government of the Russian Federation annexes, the sovereign territory of Ukraine or any other country in Europe or Eurasia after the date of the enactment of this Act without the consent of the legally recognized government of that country—
The sanctions described in this subsection are the following:
The exercise of all powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq. ) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of a person determined by the President to be subject to subsection (a) if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or come within the possession or control of a United States person.
In the case of an alien determined by the President to be subject to subsection (a), denial of a visa to, and exclusion from the United States of, the alien, and revocation in accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1201(i) ), of any visa or other documentation of the alien.
A prohibition on the opening, and a prohibition or the imposition of strict conditions on the maintaining, in the United States of a correspondent account or a payable-through account by a foreign financial institution that the President determines has knowingly conducted, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, transactions with a person determined by the President to be subject to subsection (a).
A person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of subparagraph (A) or (C) of paragraph (1) or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out either such subparagraph shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1705 ) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section.
The requirement to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property under paragraph (1)(A) shall not include the authority to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.
In this paragraph, the term good has the meaning given that term in section 16 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2415) (as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq. )).
Sanctions under paragraph (1)(B) shall not apply to an alien if admitting the alien into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations.
The President may waive the application of sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a person or transaction if the President—
Not later than 7 days after the imposition of sanctions pursuant to subsection (a), the President shall publish a list of the persons with respect to which sanctions were imposed pursuant to that subsection.
The President shall issue such regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this section.
If the Government of the Russian Federation has not withdrawn substantially all of the armed forces of the Russian Federation from the immediate vicinity of the eastern border of Ukraine by not later than the date that is 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, or agents of the Russian Federation do not cease taking active measures to destabilize the control of the Government of Ukraine over eastern Ukraine on or after that date (including through active support of efforts to unlawfully occupy facilities of the Government of Ukraine), the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall revise the Export Administration Regulations under subchapter C of chapter VII of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, to strictly limit the transfer or export by any United States person of any advanced technology described in subsection (b) to any person in the Russian Federation or any citizen of the Russian Federation.
Advanced technology described in this subsection is advanced technology that—
The President may authorize a transaction for the transfer or export by a United States person of an advanced technology described in subsection (b) if the President determines that such authorization is in the national security interests of the United States.
The prohibition under subsection (a) shall remain in effect until such time as the President—
The President shall issue such regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this section.
The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Commerce, shall work with United States allies in Europe and around the world to strictly limit—
The diplomatic measures required to be instituted pursuant to subsection (a) shall remain in effect until such time as the President determines in writing to the appropriate congressional committees that such diplomatic measures are no longer warranted or appropriate, including a justification for such determination.
It is the policy of the United States to not engage in further negotiations with the Russian Federation to reduce nuclear forces until the Russian Federation is in full compliance with all existing bilateral nuclear agreements with the United States, including the Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles, signed at Washington December 8, 1987, and entered into force June 1, 1988.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President shall not enter into any agreement with the Government of the Russian Federation with respect to the reduction of nuclear forces except with the advice and consent of the Senate pursuant to article II, section 2, clause 2 of the United States Constitution.
The President shall not take any steps to reduce the number of accountable deployed or non-deployed launchers under the Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, signed at Prague April 8, 2010, and entered into force February 5, 2011 (commonly referred to as the
New START Treaty), while the armed forces of the Russian Federation remain prepositioned to strike Ukraine or are threatening the territorial integrity or sovereignty of Ukraine or another European or Eurasian state.
The President shall not permit any sharing of sensitive United States missile defense information with the Government of the Russian Federation.
No amounts may be obligated or expended to integrate into any United States or NATO common-funded missile defense system, including the NATO Air Defense Ground Environment, any standalone radar or missile defense system manufactured, sold, or exported by a Russian entity or by any person or entity currently sanctioned or designated under United States law for missile technology proliferation.
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report detailing any and all violations of international or bilateral arms control or other agreements by the Russian Federation since the entry into force of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, including any suspected or confirmed violations of that treaty and the implications of the Russian suspension of the Treaty on Conventional Forces in Europe, as well as any steps taken by the President to hold the Russian Federation accountable for any such violations.
The President shall not authorize any overflights of the territory of the United States or United States Government facilities or installations by aircraft of the Russian Federation pursuant to the Treaty on Open Skies, signed at Helsinki March 24, 1992, and entered into force January 1, 2002, that employ any surveillance devices beyond those employed on such aircraft prior to January 1, 2014.
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on alternatives to the use of RD–180 rocket engines produced in the Russian Federation for national security launches and a recommendation on whether any domestic alternatives to the use of such engines should be pursued in the next two fiscal years.
The Secretary of State shall prioritize and undertake efforts to identify and provide access to appropriate consular resources, including prioritized access to applications for refugee and other appropriate immigration or travel status to the United States, for journalists and political and civil society activists and dissidents in the Russian Federation.
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on significant corruption in the Russian Federation and the extent to which such corruption undermines political and economic development in the independent countries of the former Soviet Union.
The report required by paragraph (1) may contain a classified annex, but shall include in unclassified form the following elements:
The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall convene an interagency working group, including representatives of the United States intelligence community, to coordinate the production of the report required by this subsection, prioritize the collection and analysis of intelligence and financial information required for such report, and support efforts to address the effects of corruption in the Russian Federation on Russian citizens, the United States, and United States allies and partners in Europe and Eurasia, including increasing public awareness of such issues in the Russian Federation and other countries.
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State for the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor $2,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2017 to support the efforts of the interagency working group described in paragraph (3), including the hiring of staff as appropriate, and to produce the report required by paragraph (1) .
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the Assistant Secretary of State for Intelligence and Research shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees and make publically available a report on the state of economic activity and government-owned enterprises in the Russian Federation. The report shall analyze relevant economic indicators, including gross domestic product (GDP) and the amount of GDP derived from government spending, money supply, inflation, unemployment, capital flows, and foreign direct investment.
The Secretary of State shall increase efforts, directly or through nongovernmental organizations, to—
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2017 to carry out the activities set forth in subsection (a) .
Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy to carry out the activities set forth in subsection (a).
Funds appropriated or otherwise made available pursuant to subsection (b) may not be obligated until 15 days after the date on which the President has provided notice of intent to obligate such funds to the appropriate congressional committees.
The President may waive the notification requirement under paragraph (1) if the President determines that failure to do so would pose a substantial risk to human health or welfare, in which case notification shall be provided as early as practicable, but in no event later than three days after taking the action to which such notification requirement was applicable in the context of the circumstances necessitating such waiver.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law limiting the assistance to be provided under this section, beginning on the date following the date of completion of the assessment required by subsection (b), the President is authorized to provide to the Government of Ukraine upon that Government's request, as appropriate and in a manner consistent with the capabilities and needs of the armed forces of Ukraine identified in such assessment, the following defense articles, services, and training:
No later than 15 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall conduct an assessment, or complete any ongoing assessment, of the capabilities and needs of the armed forces of Ukraine and shall ensure that it includes—
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2014 to carry out the activities set forth in subsection (a) .
The funds made available pursuant to subsection (c) for the provision of defense articles, services, and training may be used to procure such assistance from the United States Government or other appropriate sources.
Not later than 7 days following the completion of the assessment required by subsection (b), the President shall provide such assessment to the appropriate congressional committees.
It is the sense of Congress that the President, subject to the discretion of the President protect sources and methods of intelligence collection and to protect the capabilities of the intelligence community and the United States Armed Forces, should—
During the period in which Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova meet the criteria set forth in subsection (b), notwithstanding any other provision of law, for purposes of the transfer or possible transfer of defense articles or defense services under the Arms Export Control Act ( 22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq. ), the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq. ), or any other provision of law, Ukraine, Moldova, and Georgia shall be treated as though each were designated a major non-NATO ally (as defined in section 644(q) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2403(q) )).
In order to be treated as a major non-NATO ally pursuant to subsection (a), a country must—
Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall provide to the appropriate congressional committees a report assessing whether Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova should continue to be treated, for purposes of the transfer or possible transfer of defense articles or defense services, as major non-NATO allies and whether the treatment should be expanded or reduced.
The President shall take steps, consistent with the President's responsibility as Commander in Chief, to substantially increase, within one year after the date of the enactment of this Act—
The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to NATO to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to encourage NATO to create a European Partners Security Fund with appropriate contributions from all member-states to support the provision of expanded NATO training, exercises, assistance to, and exchanges with, the armed forces of Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia.
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, shall seek to enter into negotiations with Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia to establish new, or strengthen existing, bilateral and multilateral defense cooperation agreements, including agreements related to cyber defense cooperation.
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a country-by-country report detailing the specific efforts being undertaken and planned to be undertaken by the United States Government to implement the increased military-to-military interactions and security assistance required by subsection (a) and to undertake the negotiations required by subsection (c).
Section 3(c) of the Natural Gas Act ( 15 U.S.C. 717b ) is amended—
(c) For purposesand inserting the following:
In this subsection, the term
World Trade Organization member nationmeans a country described in section 2(10) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3501(10)).
For purposes
; and
a nation with which there is in effect a free trade agreement requiring national treatment for trade in natural gasand inserting
a World Trade Organization member nation.
The amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply to applications for authorization to export natural gas under section 3 of the Natural Gas Act ( 15 U.S.C. 717b ) that are pending on, or filed on or after, the date of enactment of this Act.
The Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development should prioritize—
The Director of the Trade and Development Agency should promote United States private sector efforts to help exploit existing natural gas reserves, to conduct additional exploration for oil and gas, and to develop alternative sources of energy, including oil and gas, for Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova, including the development of associated transportation, storage, and refinement facilities, by conducting and funding project preparation activities for projects in Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova, including feasibility studies, technical assistance, pilot projects, reverse trade missions, conferences, and workshops.
The Overseas Private Investment Corporation—
The President shall direct the United States Executive Directors of the World Bank Group and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to encourage the World Bank Group and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development to invest in, and increase their efforts to promote investment in, efforts to help exploit existing natural gas reserves, to conduct additional exploration for oil and gas, to develop alternative sources of energy, including oil and gas, and to encourage energy efficiency, for Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova, including the development of associated transportation, storage, and refinement facilities, and to stimulate private investment in such projects.
In providing loan guarantees, assistance, and support as described in this section and in prioritizing the projects as described in this section, the President and the heads and other appropriate officials of the United States Agency for International Development, the Trade and Development Agency, and the Overseas Private Investment Corporation shall ensure that the effectiveness of such guarantees, assistance, support, and projects is measured through the use of clear, accountable, and metric-based targets aimed at achieving energy independence for Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova.
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the costs, benefits, and economic viability of a gas pipeline extending from the border of Turkey into Eastern Europe and interconnected to the proposed Trans-Anatolian pipeline.
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy, in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report—
No Federal department or agency may take any action that recognizes sovereignty of the Russian Federation over Crimea, its airspace, or its territorial waters or otherwise endorses the Russian Federation’s illegal annexation of Crimea.
The Secretary of State shall increase efforts, directly or through nongovernmental organizations, to—
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2017 to carry out the activities set forth in paragraph (1) .
The Secretary of State shall substantially increase—
Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy to carry out the activities set forth in subsections (a) and (b).
Funds appropriated or otherwise made available pursuant to subsection (a) may not be obligated until 15 days after the date on which the President has provided notice of intent to obligate such funds to the appropriate congressional committees.
The President may waive the notification requirement under paragraph (1) if the President determines that failure to do so would pose a substantial risk to human health or welfare, in which case notification shall be provided as early as practicable, but in no event later than three days after taking the action to which such notification requirement was applicable in the context of the circumstances necessitating such waiver.
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Chairman of the Broadcasting Board of Governors and the Director of Voice of America shall provide Congress with a plan, including a cost estimate, for immediately and substantially increasing and maintaining through fiscal year 2017 the quantity of United States-funded Russian-language broadcasting into countries of the former Soviet Union.
The plan required by subsection (a) shall prioritize broadcasting into Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova and shall ensure that the increased broadcasting content required by subsection (a) is focused on conveying the perspective of the United States Government and public regarding ongoing events in those states to Russian language audiences.
The plan required by subsection (a) should also consider—
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $7,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2017 to carry out the activities required by subsections (a) through (c) .
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