Captain America creator explains character’s patriotic origins
BY CINDY PEARLMAN July 19, 2011 7:06PM
Joe Simon (left) and Jack Kirby dreamed up Captain America in 1940. | Joseph H. Simon photo
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Updated: July 20, 2011 2:18AM
Before there was Captain America, there were his enemies.
“Sometimes, more than the heroes, a lot of comics succeed because of their villains. The Joker. Lex Luthor,” recalls Joe Simon, who dreamed up the superhero in 1940 with the late Jack Kirby. “When Captain America was created, we were looking around and realized that the perfect villain was right on the front pages of the newspaper: Adolph Hitler.
“He had that ridiculous mustache and plenty of goose-stepping henchmen,” Simon says. “So, all we needed was to give him the perfect counterpart, a patriotic hero who would represent the American ideal.”
Their idea led all the way to the multiplex this weekend with the release of “Captain America: The First Avenger,” starring hunky Chris Evans.
The origin story revolves around a man named Steve Rogers, who is so skinny and scrawny that he’s not fit for military service. He volunteers for a top-secret research project that turns him into beefy Captain America — a man who defends American ideals.
Simon, now 98, says the man with the star-spangled shield was an immediate wartime hit.
“Captain America comics was the top seller for Timely Comics, which is what they called Marvel back then,” he says via e-mail. “Our first printing was 800,000 copies, and they printed 200,000 more. Not only did we have a million copies in print, but they sold out everywhere — the returns were almost nothing.”
Simon was hands-on as an editor, writer, artist, inker and businessman, and is happy to discuss Captain America history.
Q. How did real life for you in New York and later in the Coast Guard during World War II influence this comic character?
A. There were the Nazi Bund members holding their meetings in Madison Square Garden at 50th Street and Ninth Avenue. I can see that corner from my apartment window today, looking south toward the Worldwide Plaza. Back then we weren’t in the war yet, but everyone saw it coming. So it was the perfect time for a new icon to appear, to remind Americans of our ideals and our duty.
Q. How did you create the Captain America costume?
A. The idea for his costume came to me on a bus, and I did the first sketch that night, borrowing the chain mail from another hero I’d worked on — the Blue Beetle. Jack and I had the entire first issue put together before we sold it to Martin Goodman at Timely Comics.
Q. How did the character change over the years?
A. After the war Captain America floundered, interest disappeared and his title was canceled. Kirby and I weren’t involved — we had moved on to bigger and better things. There was an attempt to bring him back in the 1950s, but that ended almost immediately. Jack and I created our own Cold War patriot, Fighting American, to fight the crooks and the commies.
Q. What involvement did you have in this movie?
A. The entire premise of the movie is based on the origin story Jack and I gave Captain America back in the beginning, with the super soldier formula and the fact that he’s one-of-a-kind. Several years back, Marvel and I came to a legal understanding, and Jack and I will be credited as the creators of the character. The producers, especially a fellow named Stephen Broussard, have kept me up to date on what’s been happening, and I’ve been excited by everything I’ve seen. There were several unfortunate attempts to do Captain America movies over the years, and they were all really bad. This time it looks as if they got it right.
Q. Chris Evans returns as Captain America in “The Avengers” next year. What do you see as the future of this character on the big screen and on the page?
A. The comic books are still going strong — at least as strong as the comics can be these days. With that “Death of Captain America” story line [in 2007], readers flocked to the character to see what was going to happen next. That was rewarding to see. And if the movie is as good as I hope it will be, there will be more, even beyond ‘The Avengers.’ I’m very happy about that, because I think Captain America is exactly what we need. Someone who is one of us and represents the best we can be as Americans.
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